Wireless communication, sensing, and REM: A security perspective

The diverse requirements of next-generation communication systems necessitate awareness, flexibility, and intelligence as essential building blocks of future wireless networks. The awareness can be obtained from the radio signals in the environment using wireless sensing and radio environment mapping (REM) methods. This is, however, accompanied by threats such as eavesdropping, manipulation, and disruption posed by malicious attackers. To this end, this work analyzes the wireless sensing and radio environment awareness mechanisms, highlighting their vulnerabilities and provides solutions for mitigating them. As an example, the different threats to REM and its consequences in a vehicular communication scenario are described. Furthermore, the use of REM for securing communications is discussed and future directions regarding sensing/REM security are highlighted

Inter-Numerology Interference Analysis for 5G and Beyond

One of the defining characteristics of 5G is the flexibility it offers for supporting different services and communication scenarios. For this purpose, usage of multiple numerologies has been proposed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The flexibility provided by multi-numerology system comes at the cost of additional interference, known as inter-numerology interference (INI). This paper comprehensively explains the primary cause of INI, and then identifies and describes the factors affecting the amount of INI experienced by each numerology in the system. These factors include subcarrier spacing, number of used subcarriers, power offset, windowing operations and guard bands

Generalized Coordinated Multipoint Framework for 5G and Beyond

The characteristic feature of 5G is the diversity of its services for different user needs. However, the requirements for these services are competing in nature, which impresses the necessity of a coordinated and flexible network architecture. Although coordinated multipoint (CoMP) systems were primarily proposed to improve the cell edge performance in 4G, their collaborative nature can be leveraged to support the diverse requirements and enabling technologies of 5G and beyond networks. To this end, we propose generalization of CoMP to a proactive and efficient resource utilization framework capable of supporting different user requirements such as reliability, latency, throughput, and security while considering network constraints. This article elaborates on the multiple aspects, inputs, and outputs of the generalized CoMP (GCoMP) framework. Apart from user requirements, the GCoMP decision mechanism also considers the CoMP scenario and network architecture to decide upon outputs such as CoMP technique or appropriate coordinating clusters. To enable easier understanding of the concept, popular use cases, such as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication and eHealth, are studied. Additionally, interesting challenges and open areas in GCoMP are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure

Inter-numerology interference for beyond 5G

Fifth generation (5G) radio access technology (RAT) is designed to flexibly serve multiple services with extremely diverse requirements. One of the steps taken toward fulfilling this vision of 5G-RAT is the introduction of multi-numerology concept, where multiple frame structures with different subcarrier spacings coexist in one frequency band. Though efficient in providing the required flexibility, this approach introduces a new kind of interference into the system known as inter-numerology interference (INI). In this study, a novel cyclic prefix (CP) insertion technique (referred to as common CP) for multi-numerology system is mathematically analyzed in terms of the INI problem and its extensive comparison with the conventional CP configuration (referred to as individual CP) standardized for the 5G multi-numerology systems is presented. An in-depth discussion of various critical issues concerning multi-numerology system such as frequency domain multiplexing, time domain symbol alignment, and orthogonality between subcarriers of different numerologies is presented in the light of both, individual and common CP configurations. The analyses reveal that common CP has an advantage of restructuring the INI pattern in the system in a manner that paves the way for developing better techniques of avoiding or minimizing INI in the future generations

Simulating a communication system

This chapter looks at the basics of simulation of communication systems, covering topics such as strategy, modeling, general methodology, link and network-level categorization, error sources, performance evaluation, and practical issues. It focuses on some of the critical questions regarding the choices concerning a simulation setup. The chapter discusses the strategies that can be opted for when developing such a system. It provides the general steps to follow in solving any problem using a simulation approach. The chapter also provides a summary of the different levels of modeling that make up a simulation and a brief description of the different blocks that constitute a typical communication link from the simulation perspective. Code snippets for different blocks of the communication system are provided considering the selected case study, i.e. communication in the presence of an additive white Gaussian noise. The chapter describes network layout generation and some popular methods for it

Wireless sensing – enabler of future wireless technologies

With the completion of the 5G standardization efforts, the wireless communication world has now turned to the road ahead, the future wireless communication visions. One common vision is that future networks will be flexible, or able to accommodate an even richer variety of services with stringent, often conflicting requirements. This ambitious feat can only be accomplished with a ubiquitous awareness of the radio and physical environment. To this end, this paper highlights the importance of wireless sensing as a means for radio environment awareness and surveys wireless sensing methods under different domains. Then, a review of wireless sensing from a standardization perspective is given. These standardization efforts will provide the initial landscape upon which research into future wireless sensing methods will be built upon. Therefore, the paper is concluded by outlining imperative standardization requirements and future directions in wireless sensing.TÜBİTA

Towards a unified framework for physical layer security in 5G and beyond networks

Wireless systems have become an increasingly pivotal part of our lives. Various critical applications and use cases such as healthcare, financial transactions, e-commerce, transportation, industrial automation, etc. rely on secure and reliable communication for their proper operation. Despite their widespread adoption, conventional cryptographic security mechanisms are unable to scale with the increasingly decentralized and heterogeneous networks. Physical layer security (PLS), on the other hand, provides a promising complementary solution to ensure authenticity, confidentiality, integrity, and availability of legitimate transmissions by exploiting the dynamic characteristics of the wireless environment. Despite the plethora of literary works regarding different facets of PLS being present, a unified framework is still absent. In this paper, we provide a PLS framework that not only encompasses the existing works but also enables the development of next-generation PLS methods. In line with this, the importance of PLS for emerging technologies such as joint sensing and communication, vehicular communication, non-terrestrial networks, millimeter-wave, terahertz communication, etc. is highlighted. Furthermore, the key challenges and directions for future PLS mechanisms are identified